Santosh, Neemish Pulimoottil ; Rahim, Norizan Baba
Współtwórca:Stankiewicz, Janina - red. nacz. ; Preston, Peter- red. jęz. ; Zmyślony, Roman - red. statyst. ; Skalik, Jan - red. ; Moczulska, Marta - red. ; Adamczyk, Janusz- red.
Tytuł: Tytuł publikacji grupowej: Temat i słowa kluczowe:extrinsic rewards ; employee expectations ; reward management ; Expectation-Disconfirmation Theory ; scale development ; nagrody zewnętrzne ; oczekiwania pracowników ; zarządzanie nagrodami ; teoria potwierdzania oczekiwań
Abstract:Research background and purpose: To develop and empirically validate a conceptual framework for extrinsic rewards to map employees` expectations, enabling employers to understand reward preferences and design effective extrinsic rewards. ; Design/methodology/approach: This study adopts a two-phase approach. Phase 1: Framework development based on expectation-disconfirmation theory, integrating six extrinsic reward types with flexibility as a moderator. Content validity was established through an expert panel (N=6; S-CVI=0.976). The empirical validation used cross-sectional survey data from 294 employees in the UAE and Bahrain, analyzed via PLS-SEM. ; Findings: The framework showed robust psychometric properties: convergent validity (all loadings >0.77, AVE >0.65, and Cronbach`s ? >0.84), discriminant validity (HTMT <0.85), and strong predictive power (R2=0.629, Q2=0.476). ; Value added and limitations: This is the first empirically validated framework that directly evaluates a priori expectations rather than post-hoc satisfaction, closing a critical gap in rewards management. The designed questionnaire serves as a standardized tool adaptable to diverse organizational contexts for researchers and practitioners.
Wydawca:Zielona Góra: Faculty of Economics and Management Press
Data wydania: Typ zasobu: Format: DOI: Strony: Źródło:Management, vol. 30, no 1 (2026)
Jezyk: Prawa do dysponowania publikacją: