@misc{Ciebiera_Olaf_Breeding,
 author={Ciebiera, Olaf and Gajda, Krzysztof and Stamm, Arkadiusz and Szczepaniak, Katarzyna and Cieniuch, Paweł and Zajdel, Monika and Czechowski, Paweł},
 howpublished={online},
 publisher={Zielona Góra: University of Zielona Góra, Faculty of Biological Sciences},
 language={eng},
 abstract={From 2013 to 2015, the Lubuskie Landscape Parks Complex implemented a project for the active protection of the Tree Sparrow ("Passer montanus"). Nest boxes were installed in all Lubuskie Landscape Parks, and the rate of occupancy as well as the breeding process was monitored. The aim of the study was to describe selected parameters of biology and reproductive ecology of the Tree Sparrow population breeding in the nest boxes.},
 abstract={The most important parameters for the development of the Tree Sparrow population in the study are as follow: Egg laying started from mid-April, exceptionally in early April, with the 02.04.2013 as earliest date; analysis of the first-egg laying date showed a significant difference between years; clutch size varied between 2 and 8 eggs, and was most often 4-6; mean clutch size was 5.0; breeding success was 73.0%; overall, 393 broods could be monitored completely, with a total of 1,973 eggs and 1,518 nestlings (76.9%). 1,215 fledglings left the nest, corresponding to 61.6% of all eggs laid and 80.0% of all nestlings.},
 abstract={Approximately 27% of all nestlings (N=113) did not survive. The basic breeding parameters, such as beginning of egg laying, clutch size, breeding success and reasons for breeding failure of the study reported here do not differ significantly from the results of other studies.},
 type={artykuł},
 title={Breeding ecology of the Tree Sparrow in Western Poland},
 keywords={Tree Sparrow Passer montanus, Landscape Parks, Lubuskie Province, breeding ecology},
}